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If you own commercial property and are contemplating branching out and acquiring more properties, you might not know where to start. A good jumping off point is understanding what type of leasing opportunities are available—and their interplay with the commercial real estate market now. Although in many areas of the country, there’s been a steady uptick in real estate development and even a boom in affluent areas where mixed-use properties are more popular than ever, some areas are still depressed and struggling.

Every lease gives an owner certain remedies, such as eviction or the collection of damages, that the owner can use if something the tenant does or fails to do fits the lease’s definition of an “event of default.” But what if your lease doesn’t clearly define what acts or omissions by the tenant are events of default? You could be powerless to do anything even though you think you should be allowed to use your remedies.

The ability to turn a profit by selling products online has in recent years drastically reduced some business’s need for physical space. But commercial real estate leases tend to have terms that span several years, and sometimes decades, so a tenant could’ve signed a 20-year lease at a time when the Internet was still in its infancy. New tenants want to have the option of getting rid of some of their space if online sales soar and they don’t have a need for much of a storefront operation.

Setting a workable commencement date for a lease to begin is one of the most important aspects of lease negotiations. But it often isn’t thought through by either owners or tenants. As with many overlooked parts of a lease deal, it takes a back seat to big ticket items like cotenancy clauses, renewal options, and use provisions. However, so many things depend on when the lease begins, you need to make an informed decision about how you should set a lease commencement date.

Your shopping center leases probably require each tenant to pay its share of the center’s fire insurance, liability insurance, and other kinds of insurance. However, if you want to pass through your insurance costs to your tenants as a separate component of common area maintenance (CAM) costs solely by using a standard formula based on “gross leasable area,” it could leave you on the hook for costs you thought would be paid by your tenants.

Nonpayment of rent is the most common breach of a tenant’s lease—and can be a major signal that trouble is on the horizon. That trouble could come in many forms: A tenant becomes bankrupt or has financial issues, it withholds its rent because of a perceived problem that you’ll have to hash out, or it has found a better space and is preparing to move out despite its lease.

In a perfect commercial real estate world, shopping center and retail leases wouldn’t be subject to variables that could negatively affect your profitability. In reality, inflation—which is impossible to predict with complete certainty—can affect your bottom line unless you and the tenant agree to use “rent escalation” to keep up with the market. This isn’t as simple as it sounds, though. There are several methods that can be used to do this, and pros and cons for each.

By Ellen Siegel, Esq.

Special considerations need to be addressed when a prospective tenant is not a U.S. business or individual. These considerations are geared to ensuring that the tenant and the guarantor, if any, have sufficient assets within the U.S., and that all jurisdictional and choice-of-law provisions provide sufficient protection to the owner’s ability to litigate disputes within the U.S. and applicable state—and the ability to enforce any subsequent judgment.

While the terms of commercial leases will vary to some degree depending on the owners, tenants, and types of businesses involved, most of the same items are on the agenda for negotiations. Renewal or expansion options, common area maintenance exclusions, use clauses, and assignment and subletting requirements are some of the commonly seen issues that get hashed out. But increasingly, tenants are seeking novel ideas for where to set up shop, and so-called commercial condos are rising in popularity for businesses.

The right to be the only tenant in a shopping center or mall that sells a certain type of product or operates a certain type of business is highly valuable—and, therefore, very strategically negotiated. This right, which is given to the tenant in the exclusive use clause of its lease, can contribute greatly to a tenant’s success at your center or mall, but it has the potential to undermine your own interests if it precludes you from renting space to tenants that are valuable to you but that sell specific products or services that conflict with an exclusive.